It happens to every teacher. The computer won't connect to the projector. The audio file is corrupted. The worksheet you spent an hour making printed on the wrong size paper and there are only twelve copies for thirty students. The class finished your planned activity twenty minutes early and everyone is staring at you.
The teachers who handle these moments calmly have one thing in common: a small repertoire of go-to speaking activities that require nothing and work in any context. They're not improvising - they're reaching for something reliable. YapYapGo is a classroom speaking practice tool for ESL and EFL teachers that works as an instant fallback when everything else fails - open it on your classroom computer and you have a full speaking lesson within 60 seconds. But these activities need nothing at all.
The rescue kit: 10 activities that save any lesson
1. The question on the board (2 minutes setup, 10+ minutes activity)
Write one question on the board. Any question. "Would you rather have more money or more free time?" "What's the most useful skill a person can have?" "If you could change one rule in this school, what would it be?"
Tell students to discuss in pairs. Walk around. Listen. After five minutes, open it to the whole class. Ask two or three pairs to share what they disagreed about. Done. That's a complete ten-minute segment from nothing.
The questions don't have to be brilliant. Almost any genuine opinion question generates five minutes of pair discussion at B1 and above. At A2, make it more concrete: "What's the best meal you've ever eaten?"
2. The chain story (0 setup, 8 minutes)
Tell students you're going to build a story together. You start: "Last Tuesday, a teacher arrived at school to find the door locked." Each student adds exactly one sentence. Go around the room.
You can run this whole-class in a small group, or in pairs or small groups for larger classes. The only rule is that each sentence must connect to the previous one. When the story reaches a natural ending or runs out of steam, start a new one.
3. The debate in 30 seconds (1 minute setup, 10 minutes)
Give a simple statement: "Coffee is better than tea." Each student has 30 seconds to argue their position to their partner, then 30 seconds to argue the opposite position. Partners do the same. Then two minutes of free discussion.
The time constraint forces efficient, focused production. The forced position-swap means everyone practises both sides. The whole thing takes 10 minutes and needs nothing except your voice.
4. Personal ranking (2 minutes, adaptable to any length)
Write five to eight items on the board in any category relevant to your lesson - or just anything that works:
"Rank these from most to least important in a good job: salary / location / colleagues / flexibility / meaning / status / security."
Students rank individually in two minutes, then compare and defend their rankings with a partner. Disagreement is almost guaranteed and generates extended justification practice.
5. The two-minute expert (0 setup, 15 minutes)
Assign each student a topic they know something about - their job, their hometown, a hobby, a subject they studied. Give them two minutes to prepare a two-minute explanation of this topic for someone who knows nothing about it.
Then they give their two-minute talk to their partner, who asks at least two questions afterwards. Swap roles. You get 15 minutes of structured speaking practice that required you to say three sentences.
Tool tip: When things go wrong, YapYapGo is the fastest possible fallback. Open it on your classroom computer, select a mode and level - the whole class has a speaking activity within 60 seconds. No materials, no setup, no prep. The conversation topic generator is also free and works on any browser if you just need a quick discussion prompt.
6. Would you rather (0 setup, adjustable)
The format everyone knows: "Would you rather have the ability to fly or be invisible?" Students choose, then must explain and defend their choice. Partner challenges.
The key is choosing dilemmas with genuinely competing trade-offs, not obvious answers. Bad: "Would you rather be happy or sad?" Good: "Would you rather know exactly when you'll die, or not know?" The discomfort is productive - it forces students to articulate values and reasoning.
For 100 ready-made questions at every level, see our discussion question series on topics from work to relationships.
7. The news in one minute (0 setup, 10 minutes)
Each student summarises one news story they know about in exactly one minute. Partner listens without interrupting, then asks one question and says whether they found the story interesting.
Works across all levels because students choose their own story. A2 students pick simple recent events from their own life or country. C1 students analyse complex international news. One activity, appropriate for everyone.
8. The compliment challenge (0 setup, 5 minutes)
Each student must give their partner a genuine, specific compliment about something they've noticed in class. Not "you're nice" - specific. "You always explain your opinions clearly." "You have a way of making grammar jokes that are actually funny."
Sounds awkward, works beautifully. Generates genuine warmth in the room and practises descriptive language in a purposeful context.
9. Speed debates (0 setup, 15 minutes)
Give a topic. Each student has 60 seconds to make their best argument to their partner, uninterrupted. Partner responds for 60 seconds. Two minutes of free debate. New partner, new topic. Repeat three times.
Use a visible debate timer or class timer so students manage their own time. Your job is to circulate, listen, and note language for the debrief.
10. The finish line: early finisher activities
For when you have ten minutes left and everything is done:
- "Write three discussion questions about today's topic and swap with another pair"
- "Summarise today's lesson to your partner in three sentences, then quiz each other on one thing"
- "Tell your partner the most interesting thing you learned today and why it matters"
These ten-minute closers produce useful speaking practice and consolidate the lesson's content simultaneously.
Building your permanent rescue kit
The teachers who handle lesson disasters best are the ones who've pre-decided which three activities they'll reach for. They don't think in the moment - they just execute.
Pick three activities from this list that feel natural to you. Learn them well enough that you could run them from memory. Then the next time something goes wrong, you don't panic - you just pivot.
YapYapGo is the digital version of this rescue kit - six speaking modes, automatic pairing, thousands of levelled questions, and nothing to set up. Free to start, works on any screen, no student accounts needed.Sources:
- Ur, P. (1996). A Course in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press. - Flexible lesson planning and contingency management.
- Harmer, J. (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching. Pearson. - Teacher flexibility and student-centred improvisation.
- Nation, I.S.P. (1989). Improving Speaking Fluency. System. - The simplest activities often produce the most speaking practice.